Marine Algae and Applications to Plant Nutrition: A review

Abstract

Clean (organic) agriculture is defined as an integrated production, economic, social and environmental system in line with the historical foundations that humans have followed in agriculture throughout history, it has been confirmed during the long history of agriculture on the surface of the earth that this method has the character of continuity or sustainability. It is also known as the method of agricultural production in which the use of harmful chemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides is avoided. Many may think that clean farming methods are one method, but in fact there are several methods, all of which fall under the concept of developing vital natural systems. The disposal of marine plant residues is still a major problem at the present time, which requires finding appropriate solutions in order to reduce environmental pollution problems. One of the most important methods used recently is its use in plant nutrition, as marine algae are an important organic source that is used in low concentrations in supplying plants with essential nutrients, it contains micro and macro nutrients, amino acids and organic matter, as well as containing growth-promoting substances such as vitamins, polysaccharides, auxins, gibberellins, and cytokinins. Algae compost and extracts are used as fertilizer supplements, either by adding them directly to the soil or spraying them on the vegetative system of plants in order to improve growth and production, as well as reducing pollution as it is one of the safe nutrients for the environment and humans.