Marigold Root Growth in 12-cm Containers Modified with Two or Four Copper-treated Inserts

Abstract

This study evaluated the effect of container shape and copper hydroxide on root and shoot development of marigold (Tagetes patula `Little Devil Flame') seedlings. Containers were modified in shape and volume by gluing triangular polycarbonate inserts vertically onto sides of the container. The inserts were either painted with copper or not painted. Inserts decreased container volumes (no insert = 480 cm3, two inserts = 340 cm3, and four inserts = 200 cm3). After 38 days the seedling roots were scanned for computer analysis, and leaf area and dry weights were determined. Copper effectively prevented roots from growing in contact with copper treated surfaces. Shoot dry weight and leaf area were greater with no inserts, but if inserts were treated with copper the shoot dry weight and leaf area were greater. Root dry weight was reduced 7%–10 % with two inserts and 20% with four inserts compared to no inserts. Copper treated inserts reduced the dry weight further. However, at the insert interface, root length was increased between 15%–20% by all copper treatments, with the greatest increase in the four-insert treatment.