Abstract
Concentration fluctuations are always present in solutions; it has been noticed that, in chemical systems, they can lead to deviations from what is expected from mass-action equations. I recently described the class of the "marginally stable" chemical systems; namely, a system that have an infinity of stationary states forming a continuous curve, and I showed that they present such deviations, which appear as a drift along the stationary-state curve [Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 058102 (2010)]. Here I describe various marginally stable chemical reaction networks, including replicating molecules, and I present numerical calculations based on reaction-diffusion master equations, showing that the thermodynamic fluctuations induce a drift. This drift can be interpreted in terms of evolution toward a more efficiently replicating system and is analogous to a Darwinian evolution. The concentration fluctuations observed during the drift are scale invariant. Relevance of this phenomenon to the origin of life is discussed. I propose that marginal stability is the mathematical property defining chemical reaction networks potentially involved in the origin of life.
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