Abstract
Graphene nanofluids have attracted the attention of many researchers because of a variety of remarkable properties such as extraordinary electronic transport properties, high thermal conductivity, and large specific surface areas. This paper investigates the shape effects of nanoparticles on the Marangoni boundary layer of graphene–water nanofluid flow and heat transfer over a porous medium under the influences of the suction parameter. The graphene–water nanofluid flow was contained with various shapes of nanoparticles, namely sphere, column, platelet, and lamina. The problem is modeled in form of partial differential equations (PDES) with boundary conditions. The governing transport equations are converted into dimensionless form with the help of some suitable nondimensional variables. The solution of the problem was found numerically using the NDSolve technique of Mathematica 10.3 software. In addition, the numerical solutions were also compared with analytical results. The homotopy analysis method (HAM) is used to calculate the analytical results. The results show that lamina-shaped nanoparticles have better performance on temperature distribution while sphere-shaped nanoparticles are more efficient for heat transfer than other shapes of nanoparticles.
Highlights
Due to the abovementioned outstanding thermophysical properties of graphene, it has become a solid candidate in the field of fluid heat transfer
The main objective of this study is to find the shape effects of graphene nanoparticles in Marangoni boundary layer flow and heat transfer
The accuracy of the numerical results has been verified with analytical results
Summary
Due to the abovementioned outstanding thermophysical properties of graphene, it has become a solid candidate in the field of fluid heat transfer. The work of Novoselov et al [1] in 2004 is pioneering in its discussion of graphene. Graphene-based nanofluids have high heat transfer and thermal conductivity characteristics as compared to other carbon materials [2]. Processes 2020, 8, 1120 applications of heat transfer [3]. Many researchers have worked on graphene nanofluid flow due to its outstanding thermophysical properties. Alay [4] examined the exact solution of water–graphene nanofluid over a shrinking/stretching sheet. Upadhya et al [5] numerically discussed water–graphene nanofluid flow over a stretching cylinder and performed a comparison with silver–water nanofluid
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