Mapping the VNFs and VLs of a RAN Slice Onto Intelligent PoPs in Beyond 5G Mobile Networks

Abstract

The mapping of a virtual network service onto a physical network infrastructure is a challenging task due to the joint allocation of virtual resources across nodes and links, the diverse technical requirements of end-users, the coordination between multiple host domains, and others. This issue is exacerbated further by the extension of virtualization to the next-generation radio access network (NG-RAN) architecture and the provisioning of radio access network (RAN) slicing. To that end, this article focuses on the mapping problem of the virtual network functions (VNFs), as well as their internal and external virtual links (VLs), of a RAN slice subnet onto intelligent points of presence (I-PoPs) and transport networks in the NG-RAN architecture. In this context, in contrast to the majority of the state-of-the-art proposals, which frequently fail to achieve performance objectives and neglect resource allocation constraints, this article introduces automation and intelligence at an architectural level to map VNFs and VLs onto their corresponding physical nodes and links, with the goal of achieving superior efficiency in virtual resource utilization while granting the performance of a RAN slice subnet. Benefiting from a top-down approach, the key contributions of this article are: <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(i)</i> to extend the architectural framework of network slicing towards the NG-RAN architecture and provide a comprehensive overview and critical analysis of the components and functionalities of a RAN slice subnet; <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(ii)</i> to integrate the Experiential Network Intelligence (ENI) framework into a joint architecture of the network functions virtualization–management and orchestration (NFV–MANO), Third Generation Partnership Project-network slicing management system (3GPP-NSMS), and I-PoPs in order to render automation and intelligence to the management and orchestration aspects of a RAN slice subnet in the NG-RAN architecture; and <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(iii)</i> to propose a learning-assisted architectural solution for mapping the VNFs, as well as their internal and external VLs, of a RAN slice subnet onto the underlying I-PoPs and transport networks.