Abstract
This manuscript developed two methodologies of mapping energy flows of coal utilization in the form of Sankey diagrams: one was energy allocation diagram without illustrating any energy losses and the other was energy efficiency diagram illustrating main energy losses. Based on the methodologies, energy flow diagrams of China's coal utilization in the year 2005 and 2010 were presented. The two diagrams divided coal utilization into four stages from raw coal supply, by coal products supply and coal conversion, to energy end-use. Comparing with previous studies, some technical details were further introduced into the mapping, including coal preparation and the distribution of end-use energy such as electricity, heat and coke etc. Based on the results, the main characteristics of coal utilization in China and its main changes from 2005 to 2010 were discussed.
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