Abstract
This study analyzes the mapping of temperature distribution generated by graphene in a glass slide cover after illumination at 808 nm with a good thermal resolution. For this purpose, Er,Yb:NaYF4 nanoparticles prepared by a microwave-assisted solvothermal method were used as upconversion luminescent nanothermometers. By tuning the basic parameters of the synthesis procedure, such as the time and temperature of reaction and the concentration of ethanol and water, we were able to control the size and the crystalline phase of the nanoparticles, and to have the right conditions to obtain 100% of the β hexagonal phase, the most efficient spectroscopically. We observed that the thermal sensitivity that can be achieved with these particles is a function of the size of the nanoparticles and the crystalline phase in which they crystallize. We believe that, with suitable changes, these nanoparticles might be used in the future to map temperature gradients in living cells while maintaining a good thermal resolution.
Highlights
Carbon-based materials have emerged as promising photothermal agents due to their wideband optical absorption that allows the absorption of light at various wavelengths leading to an efficient heat conversion (Han et al, 2018)
Compared to other conventionally heated hydrothermal methods, microwave heating is a greener approach to the synthesis of materials, since it allows for a shortening of the reaction times, a reduction of the reaction temperature and for a reduction of the energy consumption (Komarneni et al, 1992; Sánchez et al, 2013; Granados-Reyes et al, 2014)
In order to prove the potentiality of the Er,Yb:NaYF4 nanoparticles synthesized through the microwave-assisted solvothermal method, we used them to map the temperature distribution generated on a glass coated with graphene when illuminated with a laser beam
Summary
Carbon-based materials have emerged as promising photothermal agents due to their wideband optical absorption that allows the absorption of light at various wavelengths leading to an efficient heat conversion (Han et al, 2018). We report the synthesis of Er,Yb:NaYF4 nanoparticles by a microwave-assisted solvothermal method which allowed us to obtain these nanoparticles in short times and at low temperatures.
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