Mapping QTL for resistance to eyespot of wheat in Aegilops longissima

Abstract

Eyespot is an economically important disease of wheat caused by the soilborne fungi Oculimacula yallundae and O. acuformis. These pathogens infect and colonize the stem base, which results in lodging of diseased plants and reduced grain yield. Disease resistant cultivars are the most desirable control method, but resistance genes are limited in the wheat gene pool. Some accessions of the wheat wild relative Aegilops longissima are resistant to eyespot, but nothing is known about the genetic control of resistance. A recombinant inbred line population was developed from the cross PI 542196 (R) × PI 330486 (S) to map the resistance genes and better understand resistance in Ae. longissima. A genetic linkage map of the S(l) genome was constructed with 169 wheat microsatellite markers covering 1261.3 cM in 7 groups. F(5) lines (189) were tested for reaction to O. yallundae and four QTL were detected in chromosomes 1S(l), 3S(l), 5S(l), and 7S(l). These QTL explained 44 % of the total phenotypic variation in reaction to eyespot based on GUS scores and 63 % for visual disease ratings. These results demonstrate that genetic control of O. yallundae resistance in Ae. longissima is polygenic. This is the first report of multiple QTL conferring resistance to eyespot in Ae. longissima. Markers cfd6, wmc597, wmc415, and cfd2 are tightly linked to Q.Pch.wsu-1S ( l ), Q.Pch.wsu-3S ( l ), Q.Pch.wsu-5S ( l ), and Q.Pch.wsu-7S ( l ), respectively. These markers may be useful in marker-assisted selection for transferring resistance genes to wheat to increase the effectiveness of resistance and broaden the genetic diversity of eyespot resistance.