Abstract
Abstract The aim of presented study was to identify the most promising new business models which could help to reach climate and energy targets. ‘Business model’ means new opportunities (e.g. business for profit or non-profit community collaboration models) enabled by various technologies in energy domains, i.e., heat and power supply and demand as well as mobility. Based on scientific publications, nine most important technologies and 37 new business models, which could be among the most important for sustainable energy transition, were identified. Mapping of the new business models was done by looking at synergies between the technologies and the energy domains. Valuation of the business models is done by finding ‘expected impact’ with regards to reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which is obtained by multiplication of two factors: ‘potential’ and ‘feasibility’. The ’potential’ represents ability to reduce GHG emissions considering technical characteristics of technologies involved and scalability. The ‘feasibility’ indicates how realistic is implementation of the new business model in the near to mid-term. Experts in the field of energy and environmental engineering were interviewed to obtain scores for the ‘potential’ and the ‘feasibility’ for all business models. The results show that electric mobility is among the solutions with the largest expected impact for reduction of GHG emissions. Results of this valuation will be used to choose the most promising solutions for further analysis with system dynamic modelling.
Highlights
The ‘European Green Deal’ has set necessary activities for the coming years to achieve the goal of the climate neutrality by 2050 [1]
Some of the assessed business models have a limited scale for reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions
According to expert opinion, ‘prosumers in electricity demand’ domain provides the greatest Expected Impact for the use of solar PV power because this solution has relatively high feasibility and potential for reducing GHG emissions comparing to other solutions
Summary
The ‘European Green Deal’ has set necessary activities for the coming years to achieve the goal of the climate neutrality by 2050 [1]. Electrification of the energy supply sector and increase of electricity consumption is observed. The total global electricity consumption in 2018 has increased by 2.3 % compared to 2010 [2]. Renewable energy sources (RES) have obtained an important role in the global electricity supply, according to the data of U.S Energy Information Administration (EIA), fossil fuels still provide about 80 % of the total electricity consumption [3]. Five years have passed since the goals of EU to achieve the climate neutrality were set, and the initial goals begin to seem too ambitious to be achieved in such a short period of time.
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