Mapping Identity: The Creation of the Coeur d'Alene Indian Reservation, 1805-1902 by Laura Woodworth-Ney, and: Landscape Traveled by Coyote and Crane: The World of the Schitsu'umsh (Coeur d'Alene Indians) by Rodney Frey

Abstract

considerable detail isgiven on others. That dis parity,though, may reflecttheunevenness of the available historicalmaterial. There is some intriguing trivia, however. McKay teases the reader with briefmention of two unrelated shootings by editors: James W. Connella, a pioneer Everett editor "who was run out of town afterhe shot a prominent citizen" (p. 13); and Llewellyn Banks, aMedford editorwho "shot and killed the constable who came toarresthim forballot theft"(p. 27).On a more substantive note, itwas revealing to learn thatRobert Ruhl's Medford Mail Tribune won a Pulitzer Prize in 1933 for opposing Banks's radical faction. McKay has a good background forthis work. He himself is a part of the region's newspaper history as a respected reporter in Salem and then a television commentator inPortland be fore leaving for academia. He now is emeritus professor of journalism at Western Washington University and has made a fine contribution to scholarshipwith his recentbiography of the late Charles Sprague, an influential Salem newspa perman and Oregon governor. McKay makes another contribution here. In all, one can only imagine thepainstaking effort required to round up all thesedisparate sources and thegratitude thatfutureresearcherswill feel for the result. Mapping Identity: The Creation of theCoeur dyAle?e Indian Reservation, 1805-1902 By Laura Woodworth-Ney University Press of Colorado, Boulder, 2004. Maps, notes, bibliography, index. 243 pages. $31.95 cloth. Landscape Traveled byCoyote and Crane: TheWorld of theSchitsu fumsh(Coeur dAlene Indians) By Rodney Frey, in collaboration with the Schitsu'umsh University ofWashington Press, Seattle, 2001. Photographs, maps, notes, bibliography, index. 341 pages. $40.00 cloth. $22.50 paper. Reviewed by Richmond L. Clow University of Montana, Missoula These two works focus on the landscape and identity of theSchitsu'umsh and out siderswho mapped theCoeur d'Alene Reserva tion inIdaho. LauraWoodworth-Ney narrates the Coeur d'Ale?es' storyofpreservingmost of their pre-reservation lands in their contemporary res ervation. As reservation boundaries were drawn and redrawn,outsiders createdand recreatednew Coeur d'Alene identities todescribe their tribal neighbors. In contrast, Rodney Freyexamines the complex social relationships theCoeur d'Alene createdwith both theirhistoric and contempo rarylandscapes. He examines social relationship people forged among themselves, theirculture, and theirlandscape in thepast and the successes and difficultiesofmaintaining those social ties to the landscape today. Employing an ethnographic format, Frey interviewed consultants, observed tribal cer emonies, and searched historical documents to re-create the landscape Crane and Coyote created for the Schitsu'umsh inpreparation for thearrival of "theones that were found here" (p. 3).The people embedded culturalbeliefs in their 326 OHQ vol. 106, no. 2 landscape through land-use patterns and rituals. Of all the Schitsu'umsh ceremonies, the Jump Dance is the most important,because itrenews thepeople's identitiesand relationships to their territory and the resources located there ? two points that require amore powerful emphasis than Freyprovides. Woodworth-Ney confines theCoeur d'Ale?e historic past to the nineteenth-century, focus ing on differing outsiders' perceptions of the Coeur d'Ale?e identity.She examines outsiders' impressionsof theSchitsu'umsh, beginningwith traderswho called themCoeur d'Ale?e, "tough hearts," because they were savvy traders. Then the Jesuitsentered their world and encouraged a small group to build farms and move into the regional economy. Local whites called this group civilized. The Schitsu'umsh existedwithout a treaty defined reservation until 1873, when President Ulysses Grant created theCoeur d'Ale?e Execu tive Order Reservation along the western border of thenorthern Idaho Territory.Borders did not stop trespassers. Lumber interestsand mining ventureswanted the reservationborders dimin ished so theycould appropriate thereservation's logs andmetals. Both authors elaborate on the importance of Andrew Seltice's leadership. With Jesuitsupport, Seltice defended the reservation boundaries against late nineteenth-century encroachment that culminated inmodifying the reservation boundaries in 1889. According toFrey,industrial ventures created a polluted tribal landscape that was unable to provide for the tribe's sustenance. This both created economic dependency on whites and increased reservation poverty. Wood ward-Ney argues that reservation boundaries on white-generated maps revealedwhites' percep tions of the Schitsu'umsh as civilized. In evaluating tribal identity, Woodward-Ney describes outsiders' assessments of Schitsu'umsh identity, but overlooks the Schitsu'umsh's per ceptions of themselves. Accepting the Jesuits' civilization claims suggests theneed...