Abstract
Studies on brain-machine interface techniques have shown that electrocorticography (ECoG) is an effective modality for predicting limb trajectories and muscle activity in humans. Motor control studies have also identified distributions of “extrinsic-like” and “intrinsic-like” neurons in the premotor (PM) and primary motor (M1) cortices. Here, we investigated whether trajectories and muscle activity predicted from ECoG were obtained based on signals derived from extrinsic-like or intrinsic-like neurons. Three participants carried objects of three different masses along the same counterclockwise path on a table. Trajectories of the object and upper arm muscle activity were predicted using a sparse linear regression. Weight matrices for the predictors were then compared to determine if the ECoG channels contributed more information about trajectory or muscle activity. We found that channels over both PM and M1 contributed highly to trajectory prediction, while a channel over M1 was the highest contributor for muscle activity prediction.
Highlights
Seeking answers to the above questions, here we performed trajectory and muscle activity predictions for object-carrying tasks designed to vary muscle activity but keep trajectory unchanged
If the weight matrix for muscle activity prediction is obtained based on signals derived from extrinsic-like neurons, the predicted muscle activity will not change with varying object mass
We used sparse linear regression to predict both bottle trajectory and muscle activity based on ECoG signals
Summary
Seeking answers to the above questions, here we performed trajectory and muscle activity predictions for object-carrying tasks designed to vary muscle activity but keep trajectory unchanged. We obtain decoders trained with ECoG signals of various object masses and compare spatial distributions of weight matrices for trajectory prediction with those for muscle activity prediction. The p and F values for a one-way ANOVA comparing predicted muscle activity for all trials and patients are shown in Supplementary Table S3 (cf Table S2).
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