Abstract
This study has demonstrated that the combination of the geographic information systems (GIS), remote sensing (RS), and the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) has yield a comprehensive land use mapping and an assessment report of watershed performances. The Tapung watershed located in sub-watershed of Siak, Riau Province, Indonesia was appointed as a study area. This research identified that the existing land use condition (in 2012) was dominated by oil palm plantation (46%), agriculture (24%), and bushes including shrubs (8%), and a small number of forest area (7%). Thus, there was a need for conducting reforestation management programs within the watershed areas in order to maintain the watershed performances. However, based on this study the existing watershed performances (scenario 1) was in the state of moderate conditions as the percentage of the critical coverage areas (PLK) was small (10.41%), with the annual water flow coefficient or water run-off (KRA) was high (0.45). Hence, there was a need to reduce this run-off to become 0.40 and NS = 0.50 > 0.36. Hence, this study confirmed that the GIS, RS, and SWAT were capable for mapping and simulating the watershed performances systematically.
Highlights
The Siak river with 50-75m in width and 672 in length, used to be the deepest river in Indonesia with 20-30 meters depth [1]
The main objectives of this study are to; (i) develop Tapung watershed land use map located in Siak River, Indonesia using combination of the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) in the period of 2002, 2007, 2012, and (ii) simulate the watershed performances based on the existing government regulations for watershed condition in 2012, and the future condition after an application of conservation scheme, (iii) develop hydrological models of this Tapung watershed
A spatial map of the sub-Siak watershed was the developed based on Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) (Figure 4)
Summary
The Siak river with 50-75m in width and 672 in length, used to be the deepest river in Indonesia with 20-30 meters depth [1]. Its depth decreased significantly to become 8-13 meter in 2015 [1, 2] indicating there has been a serious deterioration process of its watershed health performances [3] This fact shows that there is an urgent need to develop Tapung watershed map to understand the change in land use pattern within the watershed area. The land use of Tapung watershed has been shifting in a massive scale from the forest area to become palm oil plantation or to become residential, farming and agricultural areas (Figure 1). These significant changes of land use were suspected to deteriorate the watershed performances [8]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
