Mapping and analysis of built-up area development in Batam City from 2000 to 2015

Abstract

Batam, one of the largest cities in Kepulauan Riau Province, Indonesia, has been established as a free-trade zone (FTZ). It is undergoing rapid development and is thus characterized by built-up areas expanding every year. This condition is due to the increasing demand for space and leads to conflicts of needs for land use and incompatibility with the allocation plans. The land cover maps of Batam City in 2000 and 2015 were obtained from the Landsat 7 ETM+ and Landsat 8 OLI image interpretation and classification, which used maximum likelihood. These maps were also checked with high-resolution imagery (Google Earth image) to produce a confusion matrix to validate or test their accuracy. Land Change Modeler (LCM) was an instrument used to determine changes in land cover from 2000 to 2015. Based on land cover change from 2000 to 2015, the results showed a total increase of 2,401.65 hectares or 43.48% in the built-up area. From 2000 to 2015, it was persistently expanding toward the city’s outskirts. The confusion matrixes revealed that the land cover maps in 2000 and 2015 had an overall accuracy of 95.5% and 96.3%, respectively.