Abstract
ABSTRACT Some outer floral organs are unique in gramineous plants, like the sterile lemma and rudimentary glume in rice. However, their development mechanisms are still poorly understood. In this study, we used 4 mutants with long sterile lemma (LSL), named JF11, JF12, JF13 and JNY-7, to be crossed with Aijiaonante (AJNT) and Nipponbare (NIP), respectively. Genetic analysis indicated that LSL trait exhibited recessive heredity and was controlled by a common allele named sl-1(t). Using the method of bulk segregant analysis and linkage analysis between SSR markers and LSL trait based on F2 populations, the sl-1(t) gene was located at the interval between RM20903 and RM20948 on chromosome 7. The interval harbors a known G1 gene, which regulates the sterile lemma trait. The findings of allelic sequencing showed an 11-base deletion in gene G1 happened in the mutants of JF11, JF12 and JF13, which led to a frame-shifting mutation, whereas the mutant of JNY-7 had a base substitution that caused the change of the amino acid residue. Eight substitutions in the ORF and 10 in the upstream region from −1 to −824 were found between Indica and Japonica rice by DNA sequence analysis, but those polymorphisms have no effect on the gene function. In conclusion, we fine mapped the LSL gene, sl-1(t), and found 2 kinds of mutant alleles conferring the gene function and the DNA polymorphisms of G1 between Indica and Japonica rice.
Highlights
A flower is the vital reproductive organ determining quality of fruits and seed yiled in plants
All F1 individuals generated from the crossings JF11/ AJNT, NIP/JF11, JNY-7/AJNT and NIP/JNY-7 showed the phenotype of wild type (Figures 1b,c,d,e), whereas the F1 plants from the crosses JNY-7/ JF11 and JF11/JF13 showed the phenotype of long sterile lemma (Figures 1b,c)
JF11, JF13, and JNY-7 should be controlled by a recessive locus named sl-1(t)
Summary
A flower is the vital reproductive organ determining quality of fruits and seed yiled in plants. Since the 1980s, the mechanism of floral organ development has become one of hot spots in developmental biology by means of the floral organ mutants of model plants. The ABC model of plant flower development was put forward to elaborate the molecular mechanism of floral organ identity in eudicots based on their previous findings (Carpenter and Coen 1990; Bowman et al 1991; Coen and Meyerowitz 1991; Coen and Carpenter 1993). The SEP1/2/3 genes were found as necessary for the development of petals, stamens, and carpels in Arabidopsis and were identified as a new class gene (E-class gene) of the floral quartet model (Pelaz et al 2000; Honma and Goto 2001; Galimba et al 2012). The findings of D-class and E-class enriched the ABC model and made the classical one extending to the ABCDE model
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