Mapeamento de fatores complexos na indústria da construção civil: taxonomia e proposição de diretrizes para mitigar o impacto na saúde, segurança e bem-estar dos trabalhadores

Abstract

The structure of civil construction projects is characterized as complex due to the involvement of several activities that are separate and diversified for a certain period of time, therefore, it is necessary to create a temporary multi-organizational structure for their management. In view of this complex system of simultaneous multitasking, the need to protect employees began to be observed, taking into account the social point of view, in order to obtain improvements and avoid the loss of human resources. In this context, there was an essential gap to be answered, since the identification of these complex factors leads to the possibility of proposing a strategy in order to mitigate their influence on the health, well-being and safety of workers. The purpose of this dissertation is to map the factors that influence complexity in the Civil Construction sector, highlighting the most relevant factors for the health, safety and well-being of workers and propose a system to address the complexity of this system. In the methodological aspect, a survey was carried out in the literature on the factors responsible for the complexity in civil construction. In their possession, it was identified that there was convergence between the factors, with that a taxonomy was made in order to raise the most relevant for the studied area. Through taxonomy, 9 factors were found that were most relevant to the area of civil construction, which were part of a questionnaire in order to format an exploratory survey, which was sent to a group of specialists in the areas of engineering, health and safety of work. After the result of the survey with specialists, it was sought to verify which factors are most relevant for those involved to propose actions to mitigate the influence of these factors in the lives of workers. The research can be classified as applied, exploratory, supported by qualitative and quantitative analysis to describe the situations identified through the result of interviews. As a result, the factors responsible for the complexity in civil construction were found, the most relevant ones found through a taxonomy, the most important ones were verified according to the point of view of specialists in relation to the health, safety and well-being of the worker and proposed guidelines for the mitigation of some complex factors in civil construction projects. Therefore, it is expected to awaken the interest of managers in the Civil Construction Industry to the complexity factors raised as well as to show the importance of developing an action plan to be implemented in order to mitigate unsafe situations.