Abstract
In this paper, a map-based optimal energy management strategy is proposed to improve the consumption economy of a plug-in parallel hybrid electric vehicle. In the design of the maps, which provide both the torque split between engine and motor and the gear shift, not only the current vehicle speed and power demand, but also the optimality based on the predicted trajectory of vehicle dynamics are considered. To seek the optimality, the equivalent consumption, which trades off the fuel and electricity usages, is chosen as the cost function. Moreover, in order to decrease the model errors in the process of optimization conducted in the discrete time domain, the variational integrator is employed to calculate the evolution of the vehicle dynamics. To evaluate the proposed energy management strategy, the simulation results performed on a professional GT-Suit simulator are demonstrated and the comparison to a real-time optimization method is also given to show the advantage of the proposed off-line optimization approach.
Highlights
In recent decades, the issues of environmental pollution and energy shortage have greatly promoted the development of new generation vehicles, such as electric vehicles (EV), fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV)
This paper primarily focuses on the power-split problem under the hybrid mode of plug-in HEV (PHEV)
In the last two decades, much attention for the design of the HEV energy management strategy has focused on the optimization problem, expect for the rule-based control strategy proposed at an early stage
Summary
The issues of environmental pollution and energy shortage have greatly promoted the development of new generation vehicles, such as electric vehicles (EV), fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). A number of strategies, some of them usually applicable to both plug-in and conventional HEVs, have been proposed, as summarized and compared by Chua [5], Wirasingha [6] and Serrao [7]. These strategies mainly share a common target, namely to split the power/torque requirement in multiple power sources to achieve the best performance. The early surveys concentrated on the development of the rule- or logic-based scheme [8,9,10,11,12,13] These rules, in general, are constructed according to the engineering expertise and insight. The main idea of this type of control strategy is to make each actuator operate as close to optimality as possible at an instant time point
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