Maoist Violence in Panchayat Extension Scheduled Areas

Abstract

Development concept is linked with the “Psycho-sociological” determinants and moreover, it is intertwined with the peaceful conditions in any country, then only the citizens can enjoy the fruits which out of it. Maoist violence, which has emerged as the biggest internal security challenge since independence, in India subcontinent, the people of the county and Governments experienced many odds and ills due to this structural problem. Many instances reveled in the history that hatred conditions yields poverty and its related problems at the bottom. Maoist violence to develop and grow; evaluate efficacies of different Governmental approaches to handle Maoist violence; and understand the factors influencing public perception of Maoist violence. The Government of India enacted PESA Act for the local governance in Tribal areas, the Panchayats Extension to the Scheduled Areas (PESA) Act, 1996 came into force on the 24th December, 1996. Though the PESA is enforced, tribal regions are still in a state of underdevelopment due to various systemic and structural reasons. The reasons are complex, and multi-pronged. It also needs to be pointed out that tribal areas where the Maoism is existed the locations are militarized and under the grip of security forces. The local administration is unable to discharge their duties for the empowerment of the tribal communities. The villages in Maoist dominated areas lost confidence in successive Governments because of the land grabbing and facing livelihood problems, the tribes are struggling between the Maoist and the Government especially by militarization of PESA areas, because of this reason the local governance is blocked and the desirable development is not seen.