Abstract
Crystallization is a generic phenomenon in classical and quantum mechanics arising in a variety of physical systems. In this work, we focus on a specific platform, ultracold dipolar bosons, which can be realized in experiments with dilute gases. We reviewed the relevant ingredients leading to crystallization, namely the interplay of contact and dipole–dipole interactions and system density, as well as the numerical algorithm employed. We characterized the many-body phases investigating correlations and superfluidity.
Highlights
Cluster phases are ubiquitous in diverse systems, from biological structures [1] to soft matter [2,3] to ultra-cold atomic and molecular condensates [4]
Alkaline atoms off-resonantly excited to Rydberg states display an effective interaction with a soft-core at short distances that causes a supersolid phase [6,7,8,9]
We discussed the appearance of cluster phases in ultracold dipolar bosons
Summary
Cluster phases are ubiquitous in diverse systems, from biological structures [1] to soft matter [2,3] to ultra-cold atomic and molecular condensates [4]. Ground-breaking experiments with bosonic dipolar condensates (Dysprosium and Erbium) demonstrated the existence of self-bound droplets in trapped configurations as well as in free space [15,16]. These experiments provides a useful isolated system to probe general quantum-mechanical properties related to cluster phases. Here we propose an original work, which aims to understand the regime of low density, where a quantum phase transition from superfluid to cluster is expected For this reason, we carries out simulations in order to support recent experimental findings about the stability of droplet phases in free space.
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