Many-body effects in nodal-line semimetals: Correction to the optical conductivity

Abstract

Coulomb interaction might have important effects on the physical observables in topological semimetals with vanishing density of states at the band touching due to the weak screening. In this work, we show that Kohn's theorem is not fulfilled in nodal-line semimetals (NLSMs), which implies non-vanishing interaction corrections to the conductivity. Using renormalized perturbation theory, we determine the first-order optical conductivity in a clean NLSM to be $\sigma_{\perp \perp}(\Omega) = 2 \sigma_{\parallel \parallel}(\Omega) = \sigma_0 [1 + C_2 \alpha_R(\Omega)]$, where $\perp$ and $\parallel$ denote the perpendicular and parallel components with respect to the nodal loop, $\sigma_0 = (2 \pi k_0) e^2/(16h)$ is the conductivity in the noninteracting limit, $2 \pi k_0$ is the nodal loop perimeter, $C_2 = (19-6\pi)/12 \simeq 0.013$ is a numerical constant and $\alpha_R(\Omega)$ is the renormalized fine structure constant in the NLSM. The analogies between NLSMs and 2D Dirac fermions are reflected in the universal character of the correction $C_2 \alpha_R(\Omega)$, which is exactly parallel to that of graphene. Finally, we analyze some experiments that have determined the optical conductivity in NLSMs, discussing the possibility of experimentally measuring our result.