Abstract
Modern optical fiber required a double-layer resin coating on the glass fiber to provide protection from signal attenuation and mechanical damage. The most important plastics resin used in coating of fiber optics are plasticized polyvinyle (PVC), low/high density polyethylene (LDPE/HDPE), nylon, and polysulfone. Polymer flow during optical fiber coating in a pressure type coating die has been simulated under non-isothermal conditions. The flow dependent on the wire or fiber velocity, geometry of the die, and the viscosity of the polymer. The wet-on-wet coating process is an efficient process for two-layer coating on the fiber optics. In the present study, the constitutive equation of polymer flow satisfies viscoelastic Phan-Thien-Tanner (PTT) fluid, is used to characterize rheology of the polymer melt. Based on the assumption of the fully developed incompressible and laminar flow, the viscoelastic fluid model of two-immiscible resins-layers modeled for simplified-geometry of capillary-annulus where the glass fiber drawing inside the die at high speed. The equation describing the flow of the polymer melt inside the die was solved, analytically and numerically, by the Runge-Kutta method. The effect of physical characteristics in the problem has been discussed in detail through graphs by assigning numerical values for several parameters of interest. It is observed that velocity increases with increasing values of ε D 1 2 , ε D 2 2 , X 1 , and X 2 . The volume flow rate increases with an increasing Deborah number. The thickness of coated fiber optic increases with increasing ε D 1 2 , ε D 2 2 , and δ . Increase in Brinkman number and Deborah number enhances the rate of heat transfer. It is our first attempt to model PTT fluid as a coating material for double-layer optical fiber coating using the wet-on-wet coating process. At the end, the present study is also compared with the published work as a particular case, and good agreement is found.
Highlights
The analysis of non-Newtonian fluid is often encountered in many industrial disciplines [1,2].The applications of such non-Newtonian fluids include wire and fiber coating, extrusion process, performance of lubricants, food processing, design of various heat exchangers, ink-jet printing, polymer preparation, colloidal and additive suspension, animal blood, chemical processing equipment, paperCoatings 2019, 9, 147; doi:10.3390/coatings9020147 www.mdpi.com/journal/coatingsCoatings 2019, 9, 147 production, transpiration cooling, gaseous diffusion, drilling muds, heat pipes, etc
In 1960, the modern concept of optical fiber was introduced, which gained significant importance in the manufacturing industry. It consists of high purity silica glass fiber in which the information travels in and forms light wave signals and the polymer coatings to protect the fiber from mechanical damage
We show the impact of different emerging parameters of interest including the Deborah numbers εD and εD,pressure gradient parameters X and X, Brinkman numbers Br and Br and the radii ration δ on the velocity and temperature profiles, volume flow rate, thickness of the coated fiber optics, shear stress, and force required to pulling the fiber optics
Summary
The analysis of non-Newtonian fluid is often encountered in many industrial disciplines [1,2]. In 1960, the modern concept of optical fiber was introduced, which gained significant importance in the manufacturing industry It consists of high purity silica glass fiber in which the information travels in and forms light wave signals and the polymer coatings to protect the fiber from mechanical damage. In the WOD coating process, fiber enters the primary coating die, followed by an ultraviolet lamp. While in the wet-on-wet process, the bare glass fiber passes through primary and secondary coating die and cured by an ultraviolet lamp. Wire-coating (an extrusion procedure) is generally utilized as part of the polymer industry for insulation and it protects the wire from mechanical damage In this procedure, an exposed preheated fiber or wire is dipped and dragged through the melted polymer.
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