Abstract
The research aims to assess the claystone exposed in the Nfayil Formation (Middle Miocene) for Portland cement (P.C.) manufacturing based on mineralogy and geochemistry. The importance of the study is to avoid the miming of the agricultural soils that are mining now for the cement industry. Claystones of Nfayil Formation and the limestone of the Euphrates Formation were used to design the raw mixture as clay to limestone (1:3). The chemical composition (%) of the designed mixture was calculated using the Alligation Alternative Method (A.A.M.) as CaO (65.52), MgO (1.05), SiO2 (21.65), Al2O3 (7.43), Fe2O3 (2.62), Na2O3+K2O (1.52) and SO3 (0.26), which are suitable for P.C. The lime saturation factor (LSF = 92.8), silica saturation factor (SSF = 0.87), alumina ratio (AR = 2.8), silica ratio (SR = 2.16), and calcium to silica (CS = 3.04) of the planned mixture are all within the permissible range. A clinker was successfully manufactured as composed mainly of belite, alite, aluminate, and ferrite.
Highlights
The manufacturing Portland cement (P.C.) is a building material that is utilized all over the world as it is the primary and most common material used in civil engineering structures (Ali et al, 2014)
Mineral components aided the source of oxides used for the cement raw materials
The claystone was within the normal range for cement raw materials and looks to be qualified for use in cement manufacturing (Duda 1985)
Summary
The manufacturing Portland cement (P.C.) is a building material that is utilized all over the world as it is the primary and most common material used in civil engineering structures (Ali et al, 2014). Cement is made in a conventional way by finely pulverizing clinker, which is generated by calcining a combination of argillaceous and calcareous minerals in a wet or dry process (Ali et al 2014). The Nfayil Formation has 6 m thick of the lower member and 7m thick of the upper member (Sissakian, 1997; and Awadh, and Al-Ankaz, 2016) encouraging it to be a source of clay for the industry of P.C. The study area covers of about 30 km is located to the north of AL-Absaiya within the Al-Muthana
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