Manipulation of the polarization switching and the nonlinear dynamic behaviors of the vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser subjected to optical injection by EO modulation

Abstract

For the polarization switching (PS) and the nonlinear dynamic behaviors (NDBs) of the optically injected laser system composed of master vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (M-VCSEL) and slave vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (S-VCSEL), we put forward a novel manipulation scheme and explore their control law by means of electro-optic (EO) modulation with quasi-phase matched technology in periodically poled LiNbO3. It is found that the PS of the S-VCSEL subjected to parallel or orthogonal optical injection undergoes a change of periodic oscillation with the applied transverse electric field. The envelope trajectory of the oscillation peak appears to be a cosine curve, and that of the oscillation wave trough becomes a sine curve. Besides, the PS of the S-VCSEL only depends on the applied transverse electric field and the bias current of the M-VCSEL, and is independent of the bias current of the S-VCSEL. When the bias current of the M-VCSEL takes a different value, the PS of the S-VCSEL shows a different evolution law in one period of the applied electric field. For a certain fixed bias current of the M-VCSEL, the optically injected S-VCSEL can emit an arbitrary polarization mode and its NDBs experience different evolutions when the light from the M-VCSEL goes through EO intensity modulation. If the output light of the M-VCSEL is subjected to EO intensity modulation and EO phase modulation simultaneously, while the bias current of the S-VCSEL is fixed at 1.06, that of the M-VCSEL is fixed at 1.18, and the optical injection strength is set at 5 ns-1, then the output polarization of the S-VCSEL is in turn switched from the y-LP to the left-handed elliptic polarization (EP), then the right-handed EP circular polarization, and lastly the left-handed EP. And its NDB shows in turn a single period, four doubled periods, chaos, four doubled periods, and chaos with the increase of the applied electric field.