Abstract
Cassava pulp (CS) is high in fiber and low in protein; hence, improving the nutritive value of CS is required to increase its contribution to enhancing ruminant production. The present work hypothesized that CS quality could be enhanced by fermentation with yeast waste (YW), which can be used to replace soybean meal (SBM), as well as lead to improved feed utilization in ruminants. Thus, evaluation of in vitro ruminal fermentation and feed digestibility, as influenced by YW-treated CS and different roughage (R) to concentrate (C) ratios, was elucidated. The design of the experiment was a 5 × 3 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design. Each treatment contained three replications and three runs. The first factor was replacing SBM with CS fermented with YW (CSYW) in a concentrate ratio at 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100, respectively. The second factor was R:C ratios at 70:30, 50:50, and 30:70. The level of CSYW showed significantly higher (p < 0.01) gas production from the insoluble fraction (b), potential extent of gas production (a + b), and cumulative gas production at 96 h than the control group (p < 0.05). There were no interactions among the CSYW and R:C ratio on the in vitro digestibility (p > 0.05). Furthermore, increasing the amount of CSYW to replace SBM up to 75% had no negative effect on in vitro neutral detergent fiber degradability (IVNDFD) (p > 0.05) while replacing CSWY at 100% could reduce IVNDFD (p > 0.05). The bacterial population in the rumen was reduced by 25.05% when CSYW completely replaced SBM (p < 0.05); however, 75% of CSWY in the diet did not change the bacterial population (p > 0.05). The concentration of propionate (C3) decreased upon an increase in the CSYW level, which was lowest with the replacement of SBM by CSYW up to 75%. However, various R:C ratios did not influence total volatile fatty acids (VFAs), and the proportion of VFAs (p > 0.05), except the concentration of C3, increased when the proportion of a concentrate diet increased (p < 0.05). In conclusion, CSYW could be utilized as a partial replacement for SBM in concentrate diets up to 75% without affecting gas kinetics, ruminal parameters, or in vitro digestibility.
Highlights
The nutritional composition and formulation of the experimental diet are presented in Crude protein (CP) was obtained when the CS fermented with YW (CSYW) product was generated
dry matter (DM), 243 g/kg Neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and 113 g/kg ADF, and the CP content was high at 537 g/kg DM
The CP content of the concentrate diets was similar among the formulas and ranged from 140 to 143 g/kg DM, while the ash, NDF, and ADF content increased as the quantity of CSWY was added
Summary
Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is a root crop planted mostly in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. 25 to 60 tons is produced, and cassava is resistant to poor soils, diseases, and drought [1]. The world’s cassava production is expected to be around. 230 million metric tons per year, produced predominantly in Nigeria, Brazil, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, and the Democratic Republic of Congo [2,3]. Cassava pulp (CS) is a byproduct of the extraction of starch from cassava roots, and its disposal can have negative consequences for the environment. The starch industry has attempted to phase it out or find alternative uses for it. The use of CS as an animal feed is an alternative to
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
