Manipulating CNT Films with Atomic Precision for Absorption Effectiveness–Enhanced Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Adaptive Infrared Camouflage

Abstract

AbstractPromoting advanced functional films that integrate protective behaviors for synergetic radar, infrared (IR), and visible light is confronted with extreme challenges. The effective integration of shielding capacity and IR camouflage into single‐component carbon films remains an enormous challenge because of limited conductivity and high IR absorption. In this work, carbon nanotube (CNT) films with excellent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, switchable IR camouflage, and energy conversion are obtained via a (FCCVD) method and subsequent defect engineering strategies induced by temperature (Strategy I) and N/S co‐doping (Strategy II). Wherein the effect on the electronic configuration as well as multi‐spectra performance is deeply explored. Ascribing to the synergistic effects of strategies, defective CNT films present superior EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) with a high absorption effectiveness ratio of 86.9%, and a large span of emissivity (0.479), which provides the necessary condition for various application scenarios. Under the applied electric field excitation, the IR radiation of CNT films can adapt to rapidly changing surroundings, such as low‐high/high‐low temperatures. Besides, the desirable energy conversion performance and de‐icing can be achieved. This work supplies a feasible strategy for designing EM absorption, adaptive IR camouflage, and energy conversion to confront multiband surveillance.