Manifestations of vernal keratoconjunctivitis and comparison study of efficacy of different monotherapy with topical corticosteroid, cyclosporine and alcaftadine in its management in Sln Medical College, Odisha, India

Abstract

Objective: The purpose was to study the ocular manifestations pattern and complications of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) and efficacy of corticosteroid, cyclosporine, alcaftadine. Material and methods: A Prospective study was done taking 227 patients from 15th Oct 2021 to 15th Mar 2022 in Department of Ophthalmology SLN Medical College and Hospital. Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) was diagnosed basing on clinical presentation and scoring of signs and symptoms. Various investigations like slit-lamp biomicroscopy, keratometry, retinoscopy, distant direct, direct ophthalmoscopy and Corneal topography, fundus examination with +90D +20DVolk lenses done. Patients were allocated in 3 groups randomly for studying the efficacy of topical corticosteroid, cyclosporine and alcaftadine as monotherapy and first line therapy too. The results were analyzed after 4, 8 & 12 weeks. Visual acuity and ocular complications were recorded. Results: Most common age group involved was 5 year to 9 year and least were more than of 20 years. Among the patients, 171 (75.4%) were male and 56 (24.6%) were female between 1-30 years. Most common presentation was limbal form. Complications like shield ulcer found in 11 and keratoconus in 2 patients. There was significant reduction in sign and symptom score in topical corticosteroid and topical cyclosporine group.