Abstract
The conventional usages and traditions of people in Barringtonia racemosa (L.) (B. racemosa) mangrove plant species in their day-to-day life and therapeutic techniques. B. racemosa (L.) belongs to family Barringtoniaceae, with single-seeded, oval-shaped fruit and a tall tree dispersed in India's east and west coasts. B. racemosa (L.), titled as putat, a fish poison tree or powder puff tree, is a precious plant species due to its medicinal values. Its fruit pulp is used in fish poison and diarrhea, asthma, coughs, analgesic and antipyretic, and has significant antitumor activity. Flavonoids and phenolic acids are the primary metabolites of the leaves and are used to reduce hypertension and purgative. In addition, the pulverized leafage, barks, and roots are used to lessen the inflammation and chickenpox. Among the phenolic compounds specified in the leaves of B. racemosa (L.) include ferulic acid, naringin, gallic acid, rutin, luteolin, protocatechuic acid, kaempferol, quercetin, and ellagic acid. Conventional remedial practices have the whole plant as a therapy for itch; the antimalarial activity is reported in roots. The bark or leaf are used in abscesses, sores, serpent bites, rat poisonings, gastric ulcers, hypertension, chickenpox. In contrast, the kernels or seeds are sourced for carcinogenic disorders and eye inflammation. The current review emphasized the ethnobotanical, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of B. racemosa (L.) proved through various scientific facts.
Highlights
Since the ancient eras, plants used as a vital resource of drugs due to their pharmaceutically major constituents of bioactive elements [1]
The ethnobotanical method grounded on the native practices of plants may be the root cause for advanced methodical research in phytochemical screening and pharmacological studies [2]
It acknowledged that remedial plants could impart treatment for several disorders and illnesses due to biologically active compounds of plants isolated from plant-specialized end products
Summary
Plants used as a vital resource of drugs due to their pharmaceutically major constituents of bioactive elements [1]. One of the utmost broadly dispersed mangrove plant varieties with innumerable eminent uses is B. racemosa (L.), commonly known as fish poison tree or powder puff tree or putat, Hippo apple, Wild guava. It belongs to Barringtoniaceae (Lecythidaceae) family and wildly grows in tropical areas [4]. Its habitation comprises regions involving India, Sundarbans, Assam and Andaman Islands, Madagascar, Eastern Africa, East Asia, and Polynesia [7] Various parts of this plant are edible, like young leaves and fruits sold in the Peninsular Malaysian pasar minggu. Samudraphala Common Putat, Hippo Apple, Fish-Poison Tree, Fish-Poison Wood, Wild Guava, Powder-Puff Tree, Brack-Water Mangrove, Small-Leaved Barringtonia FishKiller Tree, Freshwater Mangrove Mtomondo Ingar, Ijjul Putat Sungai, Butan Darat, Peng Gung, Chik Ban, Chik Suan Kye-Bin, Kyi Godamidella Arattam Putat Ayam, Putat Aying, Putat Ayer, Putat Kampong Yu Rui Putat (Samar-Leyte Bisaya), Kutkut-Timbalon, Putat (SamarLeyte Bisaya) Nivar, Sadphali
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