Abstract
Mangrove forest are plant communities which cover tidal areas in the tropics. Nusa Lembongan mangrove forest is a natural forest with an area of 202 hectares. The rapid development of the world tourism utilizing mangrove forest has caused a lot of pressures to the mangrove forest of area studied. This study aimed to determine the structure and diversity of mangrove species in Nusa Lembongan mangrove forest which was associated with environmental conditions both soil and climate factors. Transect method with square frame along the line was applied in vegetation analysis. Data showed that the vegetation in the mangrove forest consisted of four growth stages, namely tree, pole, sapling and seedling. There were 12 species of trees, 6 species of poles, 4 species of saplings and 5 species of seedlings. Rhizophora apiculata Blume of family Rhizoporaceae was the dominant species among the four growth stages with important value of 115.48%, 132.276%, 185.084%, 185.084%, and 165.882% respectively. There were 13 mangrove species found with diversity index of 2.461 and the forest was fairly stable. This is because the forest sufficiently supported by environmental factors, including dry climate-type F (Schmidth dan Ferguson), high water salinity, soil textures of clay and sandy loam, generally ranging from moderate to high organic matters and calm coastal area.
Highlights
Mangrove forest are plant communities which cover tidal areas in the tropics
Nusa Lembongan mangrove forest is a natural forest with an area of 202 hectares
The rapid development of the world tourism utilizing mangrove forest has caused a lot of pressures to the mangrove forest of area studied
Summary
Meningkatnya pembangunan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir di Nusa Penida khususnya di Nusa Lembongan telah menempatkan wilayah pesisir sebagai lokasi yang sangat strategis dalam upaya mendukung aktivitas pembangunan tersebut seperti aktivitas petani rumput laut, perikanan tambak, industri, pemukiman dan pariwisata. Berdasarkan hasil informasi dari Dinas Kehutanan Provinsi Bali yang didukung oleh Dinas Kehutanan setempat bahwa di wilayah kawasan hutan mangrove Nusa Lembongan telah dilakukan penanaman bibit mangrove, namun mengenai jenis yang tumbuh dan yang mendominasi di wilayah tersebut instansi teknis terkait belum dapat memberikan informasi yang jelas, ditambah pula dengan adanya informasi perkembangan dunia pariwisata di Nusa Lembongan cenderung mempengaruhi ekosistem mangrove di kawasan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi, struktur dan keanekaragaman jenis mangrove di kawasan Hutan Nusa Lembongan, serta faktor lingkungan yang mempengaruhi
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