Mango Malformation: I. Toxin Production Associated with Fusarium Pathogens

Wafaa Haggag M,Hazza M,Abd El-Wahab M,Sehab A

doi:10.4236/ajps.2011.22030

Abstract

Eight Fusarium species i.e. F. subglutinans, F. solani, F. oxyspoum, F. sterilihyphosum, F. proliferatum, F. monili-forme, F. avena and F. chlamydspore isolated from mango malformed disease were tested for their ability to cause mango malformation disease and their production of moniliformin and total fumonisins (FB1 + FB2) using HPLC. A evaluated for moniliformin production, seven isolates were toxin producers, the production levels ranging from 0.51 to 8.90 µg/ml. The higher levels were produced by Fusarium subglutinans (8.51 µg/ml). Moderate concentrations of moniliformin was produced by F.moniliforme (6.90 µg/ml), F. oxysporum (6.30 µg/ml), F. proliferatum (4.10 μg/ml) and F. sterilihyphosum (1.10 μg/ml). Separation and identification of Fumonisin that was isolated from the pathogen- causing disease are made by (HPLC). A evaluated for total fumonisin production (FB1 + FB2), seven isolates were toxin producers, the production levels ranging from 0.10 to 8.30 µg/ml. The higher levels were produced by F. monili-forme (8.30 µg/ml. Moderate concentrations of fumonisin was produced by F .proliferatum (0.64 µg/ml) and F. subglutinans (0.50 µg/ml). Strong positive correlations between moniliformin and total fumonisins (FB1 + FB2) activities and malformation disease incidence by F. subglutinans, F. solani, F. oxyspoum, F. sterilihyphosum, F. proliferatum was observed.

Highlights

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is the most important fruit grown in tropical and subtropical region of the world
Eight Fusarium species i.e. F. subglutinans, F. solani, F. oxyspoum, F. sterilihyphosum, F. proliferatum, F. moniliforme, F. avena and F. chlamydspore isolated from mango malformed disease were tested for their ability to cause mango malformation disease and their production of moniliformin and total fumonisins (FB1 + FB2) using HPLC
Moderate concentrations of moniliformin was produced by F.moniliforme (6.90 μg/ml), F. oxysporum (6.30 μg/ml), F. proliferatum (4.10 μg/ml) and F. sterilihyphosum (1.10 μg/ml)

Summary

Introduction

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is the most important fruit grown in tropical and subtropical region of the world. Ram [8] stated that the most probable role of malformin in the causation of mango malformation might be mediated through alteration of membrane permeability leading to efflux of IAA or its metabolite. He indicates the possibility that malformin antagonizes IAA action through efflux action of auxins of the malformed cells causing loss of apical dominance at a very early stage of panicle development. Strains of Fusarium proliferatum, F. subglutinans, F. anthophilum, F. annulatum, F. succisae, F. beomiforme, F. dlamini, F. napiforme, and F. nygamai from a variety of substrates and geographic areas were. Objective of the present study is to study the production of toxins by pathogens involved in the causation of malformation

Materials and Methods

Determination of Moniliformin and Fumonisin

HPLC Analysis and Method Development

Result and Discussion