Abstract
Obesity-related skeletal muscle changes include muscle atrophy, slow-to-fast fiber-type transformation, and impaired mitochondrial oxidative capacity. These changes relate with increased risk of insulin resistance. Mangiferin, the major component of the plant Mangifera indica, is a well-known anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and antihyperlipidemic agent. This study tested the hypothesis that mangiferin treatment counteracts obesity-induced fiber atrophy and slow-to-fast fiber transition, and favors an oxidative phenotype in skeletal muscle of obese rats. Obese Zucker rats were fed gelatin pellets with (15 mg/kg BW/day) or without (placebo group) mangiferin for 8 weeks. Lean Zucker rats received the same gelatin pellets without mangiferin and served as non-obese and non-diabetic controls. Lesser diameter, fiber composition, and histochemical succinic dehydrogenase activity (an oxidative marker) of myosin-based fiber-types were assessed in soleus and tibialis cranialis muscles. A multivariate discriminant analysis encompassing all fiber-type features indicated that obese rats treated with mangiferin displayed skeletal muscle phenotypes significantly different compared with both lean and obese control rats. Mangiferin significantly decreased inflammatory cytokines, preserved skeletal muscle mass, fiber cross-sectional size, and fiber-type composition, and enhanced muscle fiber oxidative capacity. These data demonstrate that mangiferin attenuated adverse skeletal muscle changes in obese rats.
Highlights
Studies over the past 20 years have described changes in skeletal muscle in human and animal models of both genetic and diet-induced obesity
Obese rats treated with mangiferin for 8 weeks significantly increased their body weights by 82% compared with lean control rats (P = 0.00), but decreased their body weights by 5% compared with obese control rats (P < 0.01)
The main finding was that chronic intake (8 weeks) of low-dose mangiferin (15 mg/kg BW/day) by obese Zucker rats resulted in muscle phenotypes that were significantly different compared with both obese and lean Zucker rats fed a placebo diet
Summary
Studies over the past 20 years have described changes in skeletal muscle in human and animal models of both genetic and diet-induced obesity. Muscle atrophy and a switch toward a faster contractile phenotype are well-documented changes in skeletal muscle of obese subjects [1,2,3,4]. Protective effects of mangiferin on skeletal muscle of obese rats
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