Mandibular response and directional forces with a new functional orthopedic appliance – A clinical case treated with a “Paolone-Kaitsas (PK) appliance”

Abstract

Class II/1 malocclusion needs strict vertical control in order to obtain a mandibular response and correction of the sagittal discrepancy. These objectives can be achieved not only in one-stage treatments but also in two stages, when clinicians decide to perform functional therapy for psychological, traumatological or social reasons. This paper reports on expression of mandibular response and directional forces in a two-stage class II/1 malocclusion using a new functional appliance. The Paolone-Kaitsas (PK) appliance provides vertical control and occlusal plane management during the very first phases of treatment. It prepares the anchorage of the denture used in the second phase of treatment.