Mandarin parents' evaluation of developmental status in the detection of delays.

Abstract

We examined the parental perception and accuracy of the Mandarin translation of the Parents' Evaluation of Developmental Status, a screening questionnaire for parent concerns about children's various developmental skills. The questionnaire was translated into Mandarin. Upon enrollment, caregivers completed the Mandarin PEDS and answered four questions about its acceptability and usefulness, and its ease of understanding and completion. The Mandarin PEDS was independently evaluated by a pediatrician and a community nurse, and classified as high risk (≥two predictive concerns), medium risk (one predictive concern), low risk (any non-predictive concerns) or no risk (if no concern) for developmental delays. The caregivers repeated Mandarin PEDS at a 2week interval for test-retest reliability, while the children underwent testing for accuracy using a developmental assessment test. The majority (≥85%) of the 73 caregivers perceived the Mandarin PEDS as acceptable and useful, as well as easy to understand and complete. Fifteen (20.5%) and 24 responses (33.9%) were classified as high and moderate risk, respectively. The test-retest and inter-rater reliabilities were excellent, with an intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.812 (95% CI: 0.701-0.881, P<0.001) and a kappa value of 0.870 (P<0.001), respectively. Mandarin PEDS was 80.0% sensitive and 83.8% specific for those in the high-risk category (adjusted OR, 64.68; 95% CI: 1.33-3,139.72; P=0.035). Mandarin PEDS was well received by the caregivers, and was reliable and accurate in detecting developmental delays in the Mandarin-speaking subjects. We recommend it for early detection of children with developmental and behavioral problems.