Managing the Early Risk of Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury

Abstract

Approximately, one-third of individuals who sustain an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and undergo ACL reconstruction develop radiographic posttraumatic osteoarthritis within one decade of injury. Traditional ACL reconstruction and therapeutic rehabilitation do not reduce the risk of developing posttraumatic osteoarthritis compared to individuals who do not elect to undergo ACL reconstruction. Currently, there is no cure for posttraumatic osteoarthritis; therefore, prevention of posttraumatic osteoarthritis following ACL injury and reconstruction is paramount for maintaining long-term joint health following injury. The purpose of the current clinical commentary is to review the overall global burden of knee osteoarthritis and further explain the risk of posttraumatic osteoarthritis following ACL injury and reconstruction, as well as outlining current methods for detecting joint tissue changes that may be indicative of early posttraumatic osteoarthritis following ACL injury. Finally, we review current concepts for managing the risk of posttraumatic osteoarthritis development following ACL injury and reconstruction. The overall goal of the current review is to provide sports medicine clinicians with knowledge to help improve the long-term health of patients with traumatic knee injuries.