Managing Stricturing Crohn's Disease: Resect? Strictureplasty? Dilate?

Abstract

Crohn's disease (CD) is a pan-intestinal disease of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by inflammatory, penetrating, and fibrostenotic phenotypes. Fibrostenotic stricture formation, without inflammatory or penetrating disease, is a common complication in CD, primarily affecting the small intestine and leading to small bowel obstruction. Because there is no medical therapy that prevents or reverses stricturing disease, endoscopic and surgical treatments are the mainstays of treatment, indicated to palliate symptoms and treat the complications. Endoscopic approaches include dilation, stricturotomy, and endoscopic stenting. Surgical options include resection, intestinal bypass, and various strictureplasty techniques. In this article, we will focus on the treatment of stricturing CD: specifically, the considerations important in choosing between different treatment options and technical tips to deal with complicated disease.