Abstract
Indonesia dominates about 76% of nutmeg production and export in the world, where around 28.26% is produced in North Moluccas and 24.25% of its from North Halmahera. The objectives of this study were to reduce the biotic stress, increase the yield and improve the quality of the nutmeg produced by Tarakani Farmer Group in Galela District. (1) the Morphology of dry fruit rot disease in each stratum and (2) nutmeg cultivation system collected through interviews; and (3) climatic data, including temperature, and rainfall obtained from the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency of Galela District. This study was conducted at west Galela District and Tarakani Farmer Group. The farmers implemented the sanitation techniques of the crops; i.e.: pruning, collection and pile up/bury of the dropped fruits and fumigation by burning some leaves of local trees and biotic stress be controlled. During one year a grade A of nutmeg increased from 5.7 tons to 37.6 tons or increased from 17.6% to 38.2%. Nutmeg grade C reduced from 40% to 25%%. This effort will still be forwarded by utilizing biological agents to reduce biotic stress, such as Trichoderma spp. to control fungal pathogens and Bacillus thurigiensis to pest control.
Highlights
Nutmeg is one of the important spice commodities in Indonesia
The objectives of this study were to reduce the biotic stress, increase the yield and improve the quality of the nutmeg produced by Tarakani Farmer Group in Galela District
The research was conducted in Dokulamo Village and Duma Village, West Galela District, North Halmahera Regency, North Maluku Province
Summary
Nutmeg is one of the important spice commodities in Indonesia. Nutmeg tree (Myristica fragrans Houtt), originally and endemic to the Maluku Island of Indonesia (formerly known as the Spice Islands), has long been of importance both as a spice and as a commodity that was once of geopolitical significance. Indonesia is the largest world producer and exporter of nutmeg with a world market share of 76 % [1]. The main producing areas of nutmeg are North Moluccas, Moluccas, North Sulawesi, and Aceh. The nutmeg fruit is a multipurpose fruit. Every part of the fruit could have economic value and is used in various industries. Nutmeg consists of pulp (77.8%), mace (4%), shell (5.1%), and seeds (13.1%) [2]. Parts of the export commodity are seed, mace, and nutmeg oil
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