Management of Urological Emergencies at the Reference Health Centre of Markala

Abstract

Context and Objective: Urological emergencies correspond to pathological situations of the urinary tract of both sexes and/or the male genital tract, with a functional and/or vital prognosis at stake in the absence of appropriate and effective treatment as soon as possible. The objective of this study was to evaluate the management of urological emergencies at the Markala health centre. Method: Our work is a prospective descriptive study of 12 months from May 2021 to April 2022 during which we recorded 107 cases of urological emergencies. The average age of occurrence of these pathologies was 47.6 years. The extremes were 04 months and 92 years. The most represented age group was 61 to 80 years with 30.8%. The male sex was the most affected with a sex ratio of 4.94. The most frequent reason for consultation was total inability to urinate with 42.1%. Acute urinary retention (AUR) was the most common urological emergency with 42.1% of cases. The main etiologies of AUR included BPH (57.7%) and urinary lithiasis (17.7%). Non- surgical procedures accounted for 78.5% of the therapeutic procedures performed. Bladder catheterisation accounted for 63.6% of non-surgical emergency procedures. Debridement accounted for 21.7% of emergency surgical procedures. Prostatic adenomectomy was the most performed etiological treatment with 23.4%. We recorded one case of death (0.93%) due to sepsis from Fournier's gangrene. Conclusion: Urological emergencies occupy an important place in our daily activity. The most frequent urological emergency was acute retention of urine, the predominance of which was linked to the frequencies of benign prostatic hyperplasia, urinary lithiasis and urethral stricture. The target population, dominated by adult males in their 50s, implied an etiological role for prostate adenoma. The emergence of these emergencies was mainly related to the delay in consultation and the lack of health education in the general population. Urethral catheterisation, .........