Abstract
Bladder duplication is a rare entity in children. The term encompasses a wide spectrum of anomalies from isolated bladder duplication in coronal or sagittal planes to duplicated bladder exstrophy and associated musculoskeletal and visceral anomalies. Given this wide variability, the treatment of these patients is not standardized. We hereby present a female patient with chief complaint of long-standing urinary incontinence who had complete bladder and urethral duplication and pubic diastasis. The patient was treated with bulking agent injection at the incompetent bladder neck and proximal urethra with resolution of incontinence, obviating the need for extensive surgeries.
Highlights
Bladder duplication is a rare congenital anomaly traditionally classified as complete or incomplete
The latter condition sometimes occurs in association with epispadias or more extensively bladder exstrophy
These findings raise the question whether bladder duplication shares some of the embryologic defects seen in epispadias exstrophy complex (EEC)
Summary
Bladder duplication is a rare congenital anomaly traditionally classified as complete or incomplete. Each bladder receives the ipsilateral ureter and drains into a distinct urethra [1]. This condition may be associated with multiple congenital anomalies mostly in the urogenital and gastrointestinal tracts and skeletal system [2]. Since a small number of cases are reported in the literature and given the wide spectrum of anomalies in these patients, the simple classification of bladder duplication may not be able to explain all the observed variations. We hereby report a patient with complete bladder and urethral duplication and the management of incontinence in this case using a minimally invasive approach
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