Abstract
Thyroid carcinomas are malignancies arising from either follicular epithelial or parafollicular thyroid cells. Thyroid epithelial cancers are characterized as differentiated or anaplastic. The differentiated thyroid cancers, papillary and follicular carcinomas, constitute 90–95% of all thyroid cancer. Medullary thyroid carcinoma arising from parafollicular or C cells accounts for 3–5% of thyroid carcinomas. Primary thyroid lymphoma is also an uncommon thyroid malignancy, accounting for 3–5% of thyroid malignancies. Medullary thyroid carcinoma is a neuroendocrine tumor of parafollicular or C-cell origin, and accounts for 3–5% of thyroid carcinomas. Carcinomas metastatic to the thyroid include breast, colon, and renal carcinomas; melanoma is also metastatic to the thyroid.
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