Management of summer feed deficits on three high-performing dairy farms in the Manawatu

Abstract

New Zealand dairy farmers rely on pasture grazed in situ to feed their herds. Summer is the most difficult period to manage because pasture production is usually highly variable and, in most years, less than herd requirements. Dairy farmers can use a range of options (e.g., summer forage crops, silage) to minimise the impact of both variable and inadequate summer feed supply. Much has been written about recommended procedures for planning and monitoring pasture-based systems, but there is little documentation on the processes actually used by New Zealand dairy farmers. To this end the summer management processes of three high-performing Manawatu seasonal supply dairy farmers were studied over 4 years. The farmers used management systems based on their experience. A range of simple techniques was used to identify potential feed deficits. The farmers then used a set of decision rules to select the best option or combination of options to overcome feed deficits. The study highlighted the potential benefits that could accrue from integrating farmer knowledge with scientific knowledge. Keywords: dairy farmers, decision-making, farmer knowledge, monitoring, summer management