Abstract
The purpose of work: the choice of the rational composition of the batch mixture, which improves the molding properties of the silt loams in the production of wall ceramics by the method of plastic molding. In the course of the study, the fraction-size distribution and morphological features of the fractions were analyzed on a photometric sedimentometer FSX-6K and by optical microscopy. Determination of the plastic strength of elasto-visco-plastic systems was carried out by Rehbinder’s conical plastometer. The values of fast and slow elastic and plastic deformations were determined on an installation operating on the principle of a parallel- shifting plate. For molding compounds with various corrective mineral additives, optimum values of molding moisture in which the compound is not adversely affected by shortage and excess moisture have been experimentally established; moduli of fast and slow elastic deformation and other structural and mechanical characteristics are determined. The percent values of the reduced deformations were obtained on the basis of rheological curves of disperse systems in the axes “deformation - shear time”. It is established that the additions of components of different genesis and with different fraction morphology affect the deformation behavior of the molding compounds.
Highlights
In modern conditions, the development of production of wall ceramics is associated with a comprehensive analysis of the potential of local raw materials
Taking into account the tendency to use multicomponent additives to improve the properties of ceramics, the task of selecting the rational composition of the batch mixture, which provides the rheological properties required for plastic molding, is even more complicated
Moldability of compounds based on clay raw materials can be characterized by the value of the mechanical strength of the structure, which is determined by the critical shear stress at low strain rates [25]
Summary
The development of production of wall ceramics is associated with a comprehensive analysis of the potential of local raw materials. Considering that in conditions of a lack of quality clays, the use of low-plastic silt loams as a main component of the batch mixture is becoming widespread, modern production of wall ceramic materials usually needs correction of clay raw materials. Up to the present time, a scientifically grounded approach to predict the effectiveness of the influence of certain additives on the rheology of highly concentrated alumina silica systems has not developed among specialists, and as a result, in practice, their choice is reduced to empirical selection. Taking into account the tendency to use multicomponent additives to improve the properties of ceramics, the task of selecting the rational composition of the batch mixture, which provides the rheological properties required for plastic molding, is even more complicated. One of the reasons for such a state is, in particular, a little knowledge of the effect of mineral fractions with different morphologies on the rheological behavior of the molding compounds
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