Abstract
Status asthmaticus (SA) is a severe and life-threatening asthma exacerbation that requires aggressive treatment. First-line treatment entails continuous treatment of nebulized short-acting β-receptor agonists and intravenous (IV) steroid administration. This review article focuses on the current literature supporting the use of these medications as well as other treatment modalities such as inhaled anticholinergics, parenteral β-agonists, IV magnesium, and IV ketamine. We also explore the utility methylxanthines, volatile anesthetics, nitric oxide, antibiotics, IV fluids, and mucolytics in treating SA. Finally, we explore the data pertaining to the use of Heliox, non-invasive positive pressure ventilation, and bronchoscopy, and discuss ventilator management for patients with SA requiring intubation.
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