Abstract
Effect of mehogoni, mehedi and allamanda extracts were tested to control seed borne fungi of okra seeds collected from 6 companies of notunbazar in Mymensingh district. Prevalence of seed borne fungi was studied by blotter method in the Seed Pathology Center (SPC) and MS Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh. The highest germination percentage was recorded from ACI seeds (88%), while lowest (70%) in BADC seeds. Six predominant fungal genera were identified. These species were Fusarium oxysporum (5.08%), Aspergillus flavus (4.50%), Aspergillus niger (6.50%), Colletotrichum dematium (4.67%), Rhizopus stolonifer (3.33%) and Penicillium spp. (3.00%). Germination percentage and fungal association varied from company to company. The germination was ranged from 70-95% and infections were recorded 0.80-6.1% in all the treated seeds. Mehogoni extracts at the rate of 1:1 showed best performance in increasing seed germination (96.00%) next to allamanda (70%). Vigour index of okra seeds were increased 19.14% over untreated seeds by the treatment of mehogoni seed extracts at the rate of 1:1. Mehogoniseed extract at the rate of 1:1 seemed to be adoptable at the farmer?s level as an organic management practice.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2015, 1(3): 628-640
Highlights
Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) is a familiar and famous vegetable grown in oriental areas especially in Indian subcontinent
Highest diseased seeds were found on BADC seeds (17.25%) and lowest at ACI seeds (5.00%) seed and apparently healthy seeds were found highest at ACI seeds (93.00%) and lowest at BADC seeds (74.75 %) of 6 companies collected from notunbazar of Mymensingh district respectively (Table 2)
The present findings clearly showed that seven different fungi viz. Fusarium oxysporum,Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger,Colletotrichum dematium, Rizopus stolonifer and Penicillium spp. were found to be associated with okra seeds
Summary
Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) is a familiar and famous vegetable grown in oriental areas especially in Indian subcontinent. Okra or lady‟s finger is locally known as “Dherosh” or “Bhendi” which belongs to the family Malvaceae. Owing to their floral morphology and the absence of a self-incompatibility system, they are generally regenerated through selfing. Seed-borne fungal diseases are often the main cause. There are 14 different seed-borne fungal pathogens (Fakir, 2000) causing diseases like seedling blight, stem rot, anthracnose and die-back are considered as major ones. Aspergillus spp., Colletotrichum dematium, Fusarium spp., Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium moniliforme are mainly responsible for causing seed-rots (Fakir, 1976). Seed-borne inocula of Macrophomina phaseolina and Colletotrichum dematium can cause seed rot and seedling blight and the prevalence of both the pathogens depending on the seed sources are 32% and 48%, respectively.
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