Abstract
The nails of the hands and feet serve not only a cosmetic function, but improve tactile sensation and maintain the shape of the digit. Damage to the nail may result in functional disability. Ingrown toenail and paronychia are two of the most common nail disorders encountered by primary care physicians. Paronychia are most often caused by gram-positive cocci, particularly Staphylococcus aureus. Superficial infections may be treated with an oral first-generation cephalosporin. Paronychia extending under the nail require surgical drainage. Ingrown toenail, when only inflammation is present, may be treated with simple elevation of the nail edge. However, when granulation tissue or infection occurs in association with an ingrown toenail, surgical intervention is warranted. This review presents the anatomy of the nail and discusses the etiology and management of paronychia and ingrown toenail, including conservative measures, use of antibiotics, and the types of surgical procedures performed.
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