Management of malignant and benign eyelid lesions

Abstract

The management of benign and malignant eyelid neoplasms has been extensively examined. This paper offers an overview of the most common eyelid lesions and their management based on a review of the relevant bibliography. Recent studies have focused on the results of nonsurgical approaches for benign and premalignant lesions that are routinely surgically excised. In the malignant group, a consensus has been reached over the preferred method of tumor excision for basal cell carcinoma: Mohs surgery or complete surgical excision with frozen-section control of the margins offers the lowest tumor-recurrence rate. Important acquisitions have been made on squamous cells for which sentinel node biopsy may reveal early metastatic cancer. Intraepithelial tumor growth is a peculiar feature of sebaceous gland carcinoma that seems to indicate an increased risk for orbital invasion. Recent reports regarding the rare tumor, Merkel cell carcinoma, recommend a wide surgical excision with 5 mm margins; this may reduce the incidence of lymph-node metastasis, haematogenous spread and local recurrences. Although treatment of the most common benign and malignant tumours affecting the eyelids has not radically changed over the years, recent reports have significantly improved the standard of care for affected patients.