Abstract
The organic wastes of plant origin and, in particular, those coming from sources related to tourism activities, such as those generated from golf courses and touristic coasts, constitute an increasing concern due to the rise in their production and their unsuitable management. Thus, this work aimed to assess the use of different composting strategies to manage these specific green wastes, such as grass clippings and pruning waste from a golf course and marine plant debris, mainly from posidonia (Posidonia oceanica L.). To this end, two composting scenarios were established: the first only considered green wastes in the composition of the composting mixtures, and the second used sewage sludge as a co-composting agent. The temperature of the piles was monitored, and physicochemical and chemical parameters were also studied throughout the process. The results obtained showed that composting is a feasible method to manage and recycle this type of green waste, obtaining end products with suitable physicochemical and chemical characteristics. However, proportions of sea plant wastes in the composting mixture higher than 30% can compromise the fertilizing value of the final compost. Moreover, the use of an additional co-composting agent (sewage sludge) improved the characteristics of the end products obtained, provided that this co-composting agent had suitable initial characteristics.
Highlights
Different green waste streams are produced in urban and periurban environments as a result of maintenance activities of public green areas, such as parks, gardens, and avenues, and street trees, or in private areas of increasing use, such as golf courses
The importance of golf courses has grown in recent years, especially in established areas associated with tourism activities, such as coastal areas
At golf facilities, turfgrass maintenance is reliant on repeated mowing, which together with the maintenance activities of the surrounding green area of the facility, generates large amounts of green wastes, mainly grass clippings and pruning waste, the production and typology of which depend on the season [2]
Summary
Different green waste streams are produced in urban and periurban environments as a result of maintenance activities of public green areas, such as parks, gardens, and avenues, and street trees, or in private areas of increasing use, such as golf courses. The importance of golf courses has grown in recent years, especially in established areas associated with tourism activities, such as coastal areas. In 2018, there were 38,864 golf courses in 209 of the 294 countries of the world, which represents a worldwide diffusion rate of 84% of this sport. In coastal areas, wastes from different seagrasses and seaweeds can represent an environmental problem [3].
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