Abstract
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is life threatening disease it’s often associated with sepsis, which require ICU management. In individuals with sepsis, the risk of DIC is especially high, DIC affects 30 to 50 percent of these individuals. Also it affects only about ten percent of patients with solid tumors, trauma, or obstetric emergencies. Hematological malignancies, aneurysms, and liver diseases can also cause the disease, the treatment for DIC focuses on resolving the underlying problem that led to this condition in the first place. As a result, antibiotics for severe sepsis, delivery in the case of placental abruption, and exploratory surgical intervention in the case of trauma are the pillars of DIC treatment, Patients with active bleeding or a high risk of bleeding, as well as those who require an invasive surgery, should consider platelet and plasma transfusions. Other anti-coagulant drugs can also be used. Prothrombin complex concentrates should only be administered in an emergency, due to their possible dangers. Recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin rhTM it was developed and licensed for clinical usage in Japan in 2008, and it’s one of the novel treatments for DIC. Anti-Xa agents, Synthetic protease inhibitors, and antithrombin are another options for treatment. In this article we will be making overview of the disease, it’s etiology an what’s the current management options.
Highlights
Disseminated intravascular coagulation is a broad hypercoagulable state that can cause microvascular and macrovascular clotting as well as impaired blood flow, eventually leading to multiple organ failure syndrome
Sepsis and septic shock are both types of systemic inflammatory and anti-inflammatory response syndrome, which can lead to lifethreatening organ malfunction as a result of a serious infection
In Japan, multiple studies have found that 50% of sepsis and septic shock patients treated in intensive care units (ICUs) had Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
Summary
Disseminated intravascular coagulation is a broad hypercoagulable state that can cause microvascular and macrovascular clotting as well as impaired blood flow, eventually leading to multiple organ failure syndrome. Disseminated intravascular coagulation is a common complication of sepsis and septic shock (DIC). DIC can be caused by infections, solid tumours, haematological malignancies, obstetric disorders, trauma, aneurysms, and liver diseases, among other things, and each of these conditions has its own set of symptoms. These underlying etiological aspects must be considered in the diagnosis and management of DIC. The British Committee for Standards in Hematology, the Japanese Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, and the Italian Society for Thrombosis and Haemostasis have all published guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of DIC in the literature Inhibitors, external influences like medications or extracorporeal circulation, and other disorders like amyloidosis are more uncommon [16]
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