Management of diabetes mellitus and associated cardiovascular risk factors in Brazil – the Brazilian study on the practice of diabetes care

Juarez R Braga,Sandra Rg Ferreira,Adriana Forti,Alvaro Avezum

doi:10.1186/1758-5996-5-46

Abstract

BackgroundThe Brazilian Study on the Practice of Diabetes Care main objective was to provide an epidemiological profile of individuals with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in Brazil, concerning therapy and adherence to international guidelines in the medical practice.MethodsThis observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study collected and analyzed data from individuals with type 1 and 2 DM attending public or private clinics in Brazil. Each investigator included the first 10 patients with type 2 DM who visited his/her office, and the first 5 patients with type 1 DM.ResultsA total of 1,358 patients were analyzed; 375 (27.6%) had type 1 and 983 (72.4%) had type 2 DM. Most individuals were women, Caucasian, and private health care users. High prevalence rates of hypertension, dyslipidemia and central obesity were observed, particularly in type 2 DM. Only 7.3% and 5.1% of the individuals with types 1 and 2 DM, respectively, had optimal control of blood pressure, plasma glucose and lipids. The absence of hypertension and female sex were associated with better control of type 1 DM and other cardiovascular risk factors. In type 2 DM, older age was also associated with better control.ConclusionsFemale sex, older age, and absence of hypertension were associated with better metabolic control. An optimal control of plasma glucose and other cardiovascular risk factors are obtained only in a minority of individuals with diabetes. Local numbers, compared to those from other countries are worse.

Highlights

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing worldwide, associated with the aging population and the epidemiological transition [1]
Concomitant with the development of human societies which caused significant reductions in mortality related to infectious diseases, the adoption of a inadequate lifestyle with less physical activity and higher consumption of sugar and fat transformed obesity in a epidemic, which poses as a risk for the development of DM [2]
Either with the use of insulin or oral glucose lowering agents, and the control of other cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension and dyslipidemia, are recommended nowadays in order to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with DM [6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14]

Summary

Introduction

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing worldwide, associated with the aging population and the epidemiological transition [1]. It is estimated that by 2030, 366 million individuals will be affected by the disease worldwide, being 11.3 million living in Brazil where this would. DM is currently the fifth leading cause of mortality worldwide by increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease when compared to populations without diabetes [4,5]. The Brazilian Study on the Practice of Diabetes Care main objective was to provide an epidemiological profile of individuals with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in Brazil, concerning therapy and adherence to international guidelines in the medical practice

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion