Abstract
Crop residues, the byproduct of crop production, are valuable natural resources that can be managed to maximize different input use efficiencies. Crop residue management is a well-known and widely accepted practice, and is a key component of conservation agriculture. The rapid shift from conventional agriculture to input-intensive modern agricultural practices often leads to an increase in the production of crop residues. Growing more food for an ever-increasing population brings the chance of fast residue generation. Ecosystem services from crop residues improve soil health status and supplement necessary elements in plants. However, this is just one side of the shield. Indecorous crop residue management, including in-situ residue burning, often causes serious environmental hazards. This happens to be one of the most serious environmental hazard issues witnessed by the agricultural sector. Moreover, improper management of these residues often restrains them from imparting their beneficial effects. In this paper, we have reviewed all recent findings to understand and summarize the different aspects of crop residue management, like the impact of the residues on crop and soil health, natural resource recycling, and strategies related to residue retention in farming systems, which are linked to the environment and ecology. This comprehensive review paper may be helpful for different stakeholders to formulate suitable residue management techniques that will fit well under existing farming system practices without compromising the systems’ productivity and environmental sustainability.
Highlights
Agriculture and associated sectors, which are the mainstay of economies in many developing and undeveloped countries, covering almost 82% of the world’s population directly or indirectly, need to be sustainable for bringing about greater prosperity of human beings
We have focused on the different aspects of crop residue management, like the impacts of residues, utilization of natural resources, and strategies to be formulated for better residue management in farming systems, which are largely related to the present-day environmental issues
Efficient crop residue management strategies for sustainable crop residue management without compromising the crop yield must be framed for maximizing the input use efficiency for food and environmental security
Summary
Agriculture and associated sectors, which are the mainstay of economies in many developing and undeveloped countries, covering almost 82% of the world’s population directly or indirectly, need to be sustainable for bringing about greater prosperity of human beings. The technologies conserving resources in agriculture are the most valuable keys to ensure sustainability in food production The adoption of such input-intensive agricultural practices often leads to serious depletion of soil nutrients. The production of crop residue in modern input-intensive agricultural practices was linearly increased Farmers often burn these crop residues in-situ, which leads to serious environmental impacts [4,5,6]. Soil management with crop residues covers a wide range of aspects, like residue decomposition, soil erosion control, nutrient recycling and availability to plants, control of weed pests, and various conservation practices related to tillage for maximizing crop yields [10]. Efficient crop residue management strategies for sustainable crop residue management without compromising the crop yield must be framed for maximizing the input use efficiency for food and environmental security
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