Abstract
One of the common infections among children is urinary tract infection. To reduce the morbidity associated with UTI, it is very important to diagnose promptly and initiate correct management. Signs and symptoms vary among different age groups, as well as some clinical features are nonspecific. Hense, accurate diagnosis is challenging and which is masked further by wide use of antibiotic prior to the collection of urine for culture and full report. Use of correct antibiotic for appropriate duration is crucial in management. Ideal image protocol in subsequent follow-up is still not very clear and debatable among majority.
Highlights
One of the common infections among children is urinary tract infection
Signs and symptoms vary among different age groups, according to associated uropathies, as well as those are nonspecific
Recurrent UTI is defined as presence of ≥ 2 episodes of upper UTI OR 1 episode of upper UTI plus lower UTI ≥ 1 episodes OR ≥ 3 episodes of lower UTI [1,2]
Summary
One of the common infections among children is urinary tract infection. Signs and symptoms vary among different age groups, according to associated uropathies, as well as those are nonspecific. Upper urinary tract infection is defined as infections involving the renal parenchyma causing systemic and local symptoms. Among older children - Frequency, dysuria, lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), abdominal pain, loin tenderness and fever. Presence of bacteria in sufficient quantity, with concurrent evidence of an on-going infection suggests UTI Both urine culture and microscopy are needed for the accurate diagnosis of urinary tract. Collection of urine sample for culture via suprapubic aspiration is recommended when there is inability to obtain a catheter sample when the urethra is not visualized in a boy with very tight prepuce or a girl with severe labial adhesions or presence of gross infection around genitalia. It will result in hypertension and renal impairment in long term. [8]
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