Management Aspiration and Gender Differences in Pharmacy Students

Abstract

Mail questionnaires, developed to measure management aspirations and psychosocial factors, and follow-up reminder postcards were sent to 1,820 pharmacy students and recent graduates. A total of 783 questionnaires were returned (44.1%); however, only 604 (34%) were deemed usable for these analyses. More men (88.6%) than women (56.7%) aspired to upper-level management positions, the major difference being in pharmacy ownership. Less than 1% of the men desired minimal management responsibilities, whereas over ,!l% of the women chose this level of management involvement. Management aspiration" had a signiticant main effect for the creativity, management, and status work outcomes. "Sex" had a significant main effect for perceived discrimination and the creativity, employer policies, and patient care work outcomes.