Management and short-term outcomes of patients with small bowel obstruction in Denmark: a multicentre prospective cohort study.

Abstract

The optimal management of small bowel obstruction (SBO) remains a matter of debate and treatment varies internationally. In Denmark, a more surgically aggressive strategy has traditionally been used, but to what extent patient outcomes differ from international reports is unknown. This study aimed to describe the current management and outcomes of patients admitted with SBO in Denmark. This was a prospective cohort study conducted at six acute hospitals in Denmark over a 4-month period. Patients aged ≥ 18years with a clinical or radiological diagnosis of SBO were eligible. Primary outcomes were 30day morbidity and mortality rates. 316 patients were included during the study period. The median age was 72years and 56% were female. Diagnosis was made by computed tomography (CT) in 313 patients (99.1%), with the remaining three diagnosed clinically. Non-operative management was the initial strategy in 152 patients (48.1%) and successful in 119 (78.3%). Urgent surgery was performed in the remaining 164 (51.9%), with a laparoscopic approach used in 84 patients (51.2%). The entire cohort had a 30day mortality rate of 7.3% and a 30day morbidity rate of 17.1%. The management of SBO in Denmark differs markedly to previous international reports, with an almost ubiquitous use of CT for diagnosis and a high proportion of patients undergoing urgent surgery. Despite higher rates of surgery, patient outcomes are broadly similar to reports of more conservative strategies, perhaps due to a reduction in delayed operations. Trial registration number: NCT04750811.Trial registration date: 11/02/2021.